For the purposes of comparison I’ve attached below one fake set of living expenses (my expenses are higher and I am married) for a year and it shows how much money is left over at three different salary levels.

Here’s some things to consider if you decide to do your own comparison:

Don’t estimate for the cheapest places to live in a new area,  you’ll probably want to live somewhere nicer, people who are single may be able to save money by renting a room but don’t count on being able to find one initially if you have a short amount of time from hire to start date.

Remember that the cost of health insurance, 401(k) contributions, and many other costs will vary greatly from one work place to another so be sure and input all your expenses for an accurate comparison.

Please note that for the 401(k) / retirement contribution line the cost per year cell is actually showing the % income being save, in this case 5.5% which is equal to 0.055.  If you wanted to save 8% per year you would change the number to 0.08.

If you haven’t rented by yourself before please note that the numbers used in my estimate for utilities are a bit low for many months of the year, I just adjusted the numbers till the $40,000 column had a positive number of dollars left over.

Please do not mess with the taxes etc. column, it isn’t 100% accurate but it’s a decent estimate of combined government with holdings.

If you are married or single and have a child your health insurance may be more, if you are single it may be less.  Be sure and count any annual shots or physicals, specialist visits, mammograms or colonoscopys, allergy shots, daily or seasonal medications, and of course allow for the possibility that you just might get sick once or twice in a new area.  Don’t forget dentists, teeth cleaning, and eye doctors and glasses / contacts.
For car expenses remember gas, oil lube and filter changes, tires, insurances, maintenance, windshield wiper fluid, oil, and any ongoing or potential maintenance costs.

If you haven’t been attending conferences consider this a reality check, most major conferences run for $120-$1000 just for registration.  Add in plane fare $300-$600 if you book it at a good time, and a hotel room, usually about $200-$250 per night for larger conferences and you can be looking at a hefty bill before you even pay for you food, cabs around town, and transportation to and from the airport.  Depending on which conferences you need to attend even a hefty stipend may not go far, and some places don’t provide any support for conferences (which should be a huge red flag in my opinion since I have yet to hear of a library that doesn’t require conference attendance.)

And of course you need to budget for things like clothing, especially if you are moving to a different climate, shoes, undergarments (these do wear out, if you buy a few new every year you can avoid having everything fall apart at the same time and spread the cost out over time.)

If you are married don’t forget to put in your spouses expenses, especially if they don’t have a job waiting for them, you never know if they will find a job immediately or a year from when you move so plan to live without their income.

Be realistic and admit that you are going to end up spending money at restaurants and coffee shops.  Even though I don’t frequent these places  a lot on my own I have had many very important meetings over lunch or a cup of coffee so budget for these events accordingly on top of money to go out with your family/friends, etc.

There are some empty columns at the bottom you can fill in if you download the file or Google Spreadsheet.

Please, please please check your costs of living before you accept!

To play with your own numbers feel free to download a copy of the Excel file or click the link to the Public Google Document and save your own Google Spreadsheet to play with.

XLS Estimated Cost of Living File (Excel File to Download)

Google Spreadsheet Estimated Cost of Living File (Web Page, I recommend downloading your own copy in whatever format works best or saving a private copy to your Google Account.)

Remember, if you can’t afford to pay for all of your monthly expenses on the salary you are being offered you will either need to: find a secondary income, cut your expenses, or think about refusing the job.

Negotiating Your Hire Package

*This is just a compilation of all the great advice I’ve been given or privy to about negotiating one’s hire package.

You may be thinking, I don’t want to negotiate, why should I stick my neck out?  The only way salaries will rise for faculty (all of whom usually make $20,000-30,000+ less per year than they would in industry) is for those of us who are faculty to ask for equitable wages.  You may not think this is such a big deal now, but public school teachers in my district where I grew up topped out at over $10,000 more per year by retirement than I will as a tenure track professor if I go the full professor route and we all know how poorly they are paid compared to other industries.  Just because you start at a higher rate doesn’t mean you end at one.

It’s hard to say who has it worse, the prospective employee who must negotiate in person or over the phone.  Either way negotiations cause angst and worry, but I hope the advice I’ve compiled will help others be more comfortable in their negotiations.

Salary

When you get a tenure track offer it is very tempting to accept the first salary offered with no negotiation because it’s a better salary than the little to none you were making.

Don’t do it!

The job of your Dean, Chair, etc. is to get the best people possible at the lowest possible cost to the university.  You really can’t blame them for wanting to hire as many people as possible at the lowest cost, but don’t let that guilt you into being paid less than you are worth.

Your negotiations will set the tone for your employment.  Do you want to be seen as someone who knows what they are worth or a push over? (No I didn’t feel comfortable asking for more money, but I did it anyway and it paid off.  (And yes it was nerve wracking, but I’d do it again!) Bite the bullet and ask for a higher salary!

What they initially offer you is often the minimum they are allowed to pay for your position given your academic rank.  If this is so it doesn’t mean you should ask for insane amounts of money, but a little research online will tell you what the salary ranges are for your department and classification for any public university. Alternatively, you can register for GlassDoor.com to see if others have posted salary/benefits information about your non-public employer.  Don’t ask for a tenured salary if you are coming in pre-tenure, it isn’t going to happen!  If you can’t find out what the salary ranges are and want to play it safe $1,000-$2,000 per year is generally a reasonable increase to ask for.

When you ask for more money justify it based on your expertise, increased cost of living because of the move, etc.  You don’t have to go on and on about it, just a sentence or two about what you would like and why will do.  If you are one of the lucky few who gets offered lucrative amounts of money well above the minimum for your rank you can ignore this advice and concentrate exclusively on asking for extras to help you do your job.

One time costs = Easier to Fund

One time requests do not carry over from year to year and are easier for administrators to okay.

Things you could ask for:

• Laptop
• Equipment
• Extra Moving Funds (Need a higher limit to have a car towed, or to take into account your large family, it never hurts to ask.  Depending on the rules they may or may be able to accommodate you.)
• Extra Startup Funds (Justify with specific needs like setting up a new program, cost of equipment vs. cost/inability to send samples out etc.)
• Extra Professional Development Funds (One time workshop / class / conference attendance.)
• Library Resources (Even if they don’t give them to you it doesn’t hurt to let administrators know what you believe are crucial resources that are missing from the university.  You never know, you could be the feather that tips the scale to buy.)

Keep in mind you won’t necessarily get everything that you ask for, but as long as you ask for reasonable (i.e. within your pay scale) salary increases and funding for items and activities that are job related you will probably get some of the things you ask for.  If a place drops you from consideration just because you asked for an extra couple thousand a year instead of counter offering somewhere in between the two amounts I’d wonder if it was a overly rigid place to work.

Remember if they give you the offer they want you.

Stand up for yourself and the hard work that got you the job offer: Negotiate!

See what other people have to say:

Academic Jobs: Salary Negotiation

Negotiating a Tenure Track Job Offer

Negotiating The Tenure Track Job Offer (I disagree with the poster about salaries, but the comments are excellent!)

Striding Toward Employment

In my last post on Breaking Into Academia I addressed the Dread Phone Interview.

*Disclaimer: The advice below can be adapted to other areas of librarianship but will probably work best for people interested in one or more of the following areas: subject specialist, outreach, diversity, reference, and instruction.  A large number of people gave me advice about in person interviews and this is a distillation of what I’ve learned works for me.

So what happens next?

As several very wise people told me, if you are invited to an in person interview that means that they like you.  Unless they have money to burn they really want all of the 2-4 people that they bring to campus for the in person interview to be great candidates for hire.  It costs a lot of money to bring people in for on campus interviews so universities generally don’t waste money bringing in unqualified people for no reason.

Presentations & Mock Instructional Sessions

In most cases you will have to either give a presentation or teach a mock lesson.  If this isn’t mentioned in the information provided for your visit I recommend that you ask, I only know of one person who wasn’t asked to do this and it’s best to be safe.  Presentation topics can be very rigid or very flexible.  It is okay to ask about equipment and room size to help you prepare for your presentation.  Since I find projector screens hard to look at I tend not to do power point presentations, but there are plenty of really good power point and multimedia presentations out there.  I’m always very suspicious of Murphy’s Law coming into play when I’m interviewing so I like to go low tech.  That said if high tech is your thing go for it!  If you like high tech you know the drill: have a copy online, bring a copy on your laptop, and put another copy on a flash drive, etc.  If you have a soft voice, or are speaking in a large area ask for a microphone to be provided.

Due to some excellent advice I did create a power point presentation to organize and structure my thoughts.  I then created a handout from the talking points I mentioned on my slides.  I think it’s nice to hand people something that has your main points on it when you give a talk so that they can follow along and not have to scribble notes every few seconds.  Everyone has a different presentation style so what works for me may not work for you.   I prefer a presentation style with some give and take from the audience, I’m not one to memorize my presentation I do practice giving my presentations but they turn out different every time.  When I’m in front of an audience I ask about their awareness of topics, adjust what I say based on audience response, give my opinions, try and state any biases I might have, and make sure that I finish on time so that there is time for questions.   If you are given free reign on how long to talk I’d suggest keeping your talk to 20 minutes plus time for questions.

If you are told to talk for a specific amount of time make sure that you keep an eye on the time and try not to go over.  It is okay to ask someone to let you know when you have five minutes and one minute left to help you time things out.  You can also ask someone to pass out your extra handouts to people who come in after you start talking.  When people ask you questions you’ll most likely be keyed up with adrenaline, I try and remind myself to take a moment and think before I start answering so that my answers are more coherent.   Sometimes I remember this better than others, but just by making the effort to pause before answering I think I improve the quality of my answers and maybe someday it’ll become habit.  Sometimes people ask you questions which seem really strange to you at the time, often these are based on the persons areas of interest.  Remember, all questions are good questions, it means the person cares enough about what you have been saying to want to know more so answer each question with a real answer.

Interview Day(s)

Depending on the position you are interviewing for, your in person interview can last anywhere from 1 to 3 days.   If you are from out of state they will most likely fly you in and put you up for several nights.

1. Attire: Bring one extra outfit just in case something happens, if you are prepared nothing will probably happen but better safe than sorry. (Yes ladies that includes stockings if you wear them.)  For both men and women I recommend wearing a thin undershirt even if you don’t normally do so, the lines of your clothes will sit nicer and give you a cleaner look.  Your outfit doesn’t have to be a traditional black suit, but a suit or suit like outfit is a definite plus, it says you know how to play the game.  I prefer a non-tradional suits myself in terms of colors but stay away from overly bright suits because they make people focus on the color of your suit instead of you.
2. Library Information: Review all of the information you gathered for your phone interview.  If you haven’t done so read the annual report and most recent strategic plan, if you can’t find them ask if they are available and if so ask if you can have a copy.  You won’t retain everything but they will give you a sense of the library and its structure and when people ask how you prepared for your interview you’ll get a couple gold stars for effort.  Also review what databases are in your subject area, don’t be afraid to say you are inexperienced with some of them or to mention you have access to some but not others.  Every university has different databases and e-journals and if you don’t have access all you can do is look at the publishers information.  To my knowledge people don’t usually hold this against you and it’s much better to be honest and just admit it if you don’t know something about the library or its resources.
3. Personal Care: Once you arrive at your hotel unpack your belonging and iron anything that got overly wrinkled on your trip.  Since I had to take a red eye for my interview with a long layover my bags were packed about 20 hours before I could unpack them.  If you need to iron things do it as soon as you get there to avoid being in a rush the next day.  Lay out your clothes for the first day along with shoes,  combs, brushes, and anything else you will need to use to get ready in the morning.  Eat a decent dinner, take a hot shower or bath, and try and get to sleep early, if you can’t sleep just try and let your mind wander while breathing slowly and evenly.  The more rested you are the better you will hold up the next day, or days as the case may be.
4. Daily Schedule: Each day usually starts with a breakfast meeting.  This is often followed by at least one other meeting and then possibly by your presentation. Some institutions like presentations at the beginning of the day, others at the end of the day. You will meet with the search committee, library directors and/or deans, representatives from most if not all departments of the library, your potential boss, an assortment of committees within the library, and possibly with higher-ups in within the university as a whole depending on what type of position you are applying for.  On days in which you meet with people you will normally have lunch and “informal” dinner meetings.
5. Questions: Interviewing with so many different groups means that some people here your answers to the same questions repeatedly.  Repeat questions can be handled two ways, you can either concentrate on giving the exact same answer each time or you can give similar but different answers each time.  Questions I was asked over and over include but are not limited to: What interests you about working for our library?  What are your areas of interest in regards to research?  What do you like best about librarianship?  What is your leadership style?  How did you get from Chemistry to Librarianship? (This is a useful question for highlighting the similarities and differences between what you used to do and what you’d like to do if you are a career switcher.)

Sell Your Personality:

The hardest thing to do, and the most important, is to be yourself at your interview, but as I mentioned in my previous post if you aren’t honest about who you are you could easily end up in a job that you hate.  Here’s some things I try and remember, and areas which I work on.

1. Poise: Because academic interviews are usually for 1-3 days, include an average of around a meeting per hour plus meal meetings, and answering the same questions over and over it can get very tiring and frustrating because you feel like a broken record.  This is where you remind yourself that these people want you to be a successful candidate so it’s important to try and keep a polite and pleasant demeanor.  In many ways your attitude from start to finish is one of the biggest factors which will get you a job.  Keeping your cool under pressure is always a strong plus.
2. Admit When You Don’t Know: When people ask you questions there will inevitably be things asked that you either don’t know about at all, or have heard of but only know a little about.  This is okay!  No one does, or should, expect you to know everything.  Admitting when you don’t know something looks good because it shows that you are willing to admit the limits to what you know which is essential since many reference questions librarians receive are about topics they know little to nothing about.  Good phrases to use are things like, “I am not familiar with…”, and “I have heard the name but all I know about it is…”.
3. Sharing:  There are a lot of things that it is illegal for search committees to ask you which is generally a good thing.  However, this does mean that it is up to you to mention interests and relevant personal information at strategic points during an interview.  As I was told by a close friend, you have all day, or several days, to let them get to know you so you don’t have to share everything at your first meeting, share things strategically, be honest as you slowly reveal yourself and you’ll seem more interesting.  Over sharing makes people look insecure, interviewing is like networking in this regard.  (I think is a shame since I like collaborative environments where there is a ton of what most people consider to be over sharing and talking over and picking apart of ides, but if you want to be successful in academia you have to learn how to play the game.  Academia is largely driven through politics and understanding and accepting that is important to being happy in higher education.)
4. Quiet: Let there be lulls in conversation, don’t try and fill the quiet.  This is a tough one for me for a variety of reasons, the main one being that when I feel like I’m being put on display I default into what I think of as hostess/actress mode which translates into dead air=Bad.  When I feel relaxed I generally don’t do this but since interviews are very much focused on me as an individual I constantly remind myself before and during the interview that silence is okay, I don’t have to fill the air, I’m not the host and an interview is not the same as being on stage.  This is another of those if you do this you look insecure things, I really doubt that this is the case for most people, but selling yourself is all about controlling peoples perceptions of you so its important to be aware of things will be perceived.
5. Dining: Even though some eating functions may be labeled “Informal Dinner” they are still an important part of the interview process. To avoid stains stay away from pastas and soups, to avoid coughing stay away from croutons and other foods which create fine dust like particles.  I prefer to order sandwiches or burgers with sauce if any on the side so I can better prevent food accidents.  Do not order the most expensive thing on the menu, do not order alcoholic beverages.  If someone does order a bottle of wine for the table (not likely in higher education at all) it would be okay to have a little to be sociable if you like wine, but it is generally a bad idea to drink while interviewing.
6. Institutional Politics: Different positions deal with politics to different degrees and it is good to show that you understand that they are important and are willing to learn how to navigate your institutions politics.  Chains of command are important, learning who to keep informed is important.  A large portion of institutional politics is informing or asking permission from the correct people in the correct order.

After the Interview

Pay attention to what people tell you about themselves so that you can send thank you notes to the head of the search committee and/or whoever shoved you around.  It’s best to put these in the mail as soon as you get home.  If you can write them immediately after the interview while you still have the people straight, consider this letter writing part of the interview process.

Now is the time to start thinking about what you’ve learned about the people you will be working with directly, the position, the institution, and the community you would be living in.  People often only have 2-3 days to accept an offer and begin negotiations so give it a good think before you move on to your next job application because the next e-mail you receive may be a job offer.

What else would you like to know about In Person Interviews?

What other tips do people have for preparing for and successfully surviving in person interviews?

Please leave a comment, send me a message on twitter, or write me an e-mail!

The Dread Phone

I asked what library school students would like to know about and @dorevabelfiore replied, “Recommendations for preparing for an interview for an academic library job.“  Breaking into academia is difficult and due to length I’m splitting the answer into two posts, this post addresses the dread phone interview.

Disclaimer:

The thoughts expressed here are my opinions and impressions based on my experiences and those of my friends, there is no such thing as a typical academic interview experience so take everything here with a grain of salt.

Phone Interview Tips:

1. Very few people are interviewed by phone, 5-10 people seems to be the average.  You got the phone interview by demonstrating how you met their requirements in your cover letter supplemented by your CV/Resume.  Interviews should be taken seriously but having a good attitude and a pleasant demeanor are a huge plus when passing the phone interview stage.  Yes you need to know your stuff, but you also need to sell yourself as a person people will be comfortable working with.
2. Ask for a list of people who will be conducting the phone interview and research them ahead of time.  I read CVs and skimmed documents from the institutional repository created by the people interviewing me.  This is probably a overkill but it made me feel less anxious being over prepared and may be helpful to you.
3. Read as much about the university and library as possible before the phone interview.  I read the strategic plan, the library’s annual report, and everything else I could get my hands on and had time to read.
4. Do check out what databases the university has, you won’t have time to look in depth at all of them but make sure to skim those on topics relevant to the job you are applying for.
5. Sit down with a list of commonly asked interview questions and type out and refine your answers.  This will help you synthesize your thoughts.
6. Be prepared to be asked something totally off the wall, take a moment to think about it seriously and then give a real answer these questions are a test of how you react under pressure, i.e. what will you be like if a students asks you about something totally outside your area of expertise and you need to help them.
7. When asked to provide a phone number make sure you are on a reliable land line for the interview.  There are often problems on the other end due to all the interviewers being on speaker phone and you don’t need to aggravate the situation by being on a cell phone which I guarantee will drop out, Murphy’s Law at work.
8. Do enunciate everything in as clear of a voice as you can, those on the speakerphone side will be better able to understand what you are saying.
9. Since it’s often hard to hear what is being asked (sometimes I had to guess), it is good to rephrase the question as you begin to answer so that people know what you think you are answering.
10. Have a glass of water nearby, you will probably need it, and even if you don’t it will make you feel better to have it ready.
11. Always pause for a second before you answer (this one is hard but really helps a lot in terms of gathering your thoughts and not rambling).
12. Don’t be afraid to say you are not familiar with something, they don’t really expect you to know everything and it’s best to just admit it if you haven’t heard of something or have heard of it but don’t know much about it.
13. Have 2-4 questions written down for when it’s your turn to ask questions.  A good question to ask is what are the next steps in the hiring process and when will they let people know if they have been invited for the in person interview.  Another important question is what is the standards for review and promotion (my impression is it’s about 50/50 whether positions are professional or tenure track faculty positions.)

Other things to think about:

Remember, these people can’t see you, if you have an online profile make sure you have a picture to go with it preferably one that you feel represents you.

Ask mentors for advice on what to say and what to be careful of.  The dread “What’s your worst quality question” is a good place to mention an area that you struggle with but are working on with the help of friends and/or mentors.  This shows that you evaluate yourself and realize that just like everyone else you have faults. This is never comfortable but we all have our strengths and our weaknesses and I’m fortunate enough to have friends who are willing to be honest with me about what mine are and help me work on them.

Share 1-2 good or memorable things about yourself when appropriate and leave it at that, remember you still have the in person interview to let people see the whole you.

It’s easy to feel like the phone interview is all about the impression you’re making on your prospective employer but you should be forming your own impression of the library and university you might get a job offer from.  How rigid is the structure?  Do the people seem pleasant or judgmental?  Did anything said make the university or college seem like a really great place to work, or raise a red flag?  Don’t be afraid to be judgmental at this stage since you are not committed to anything it’s a good time to take stock and begin figuring out if these are people you might enjoy working with.  The more you think about things at this stage the easier it will be to make a thoughtful decision when you receive an offer.

Remember:

Bee yourself! (A little bee humor!)  The most important thing is to be yourself!  If the people interviewing you don’t like you once they’ve seen what type of person you are then you wouldn’t enjoy working with them.   You’ll be much more relaxed if you aren’t trying to go against you basic nature just to conform to someone else’s opinion of what proper behavior is for you.

What else have you done to prepare and survive the dread phone interview?  Please comment below with your tips!